Sunday, October 22, 2017

The Five Virtues

When you study Confucianism you will eventually run across references to the Five Virtues which are mentioned in Book XVII, Chapter VI, of the Analects of Confucius.  Here is that selection from the translation by James Legge, which is in the public domain.

Tsze-chang asked Confucius about perfect virtue.

Confucius said, 'To be able to practice five things everywhere under heaven
constitutes perfect virtue.'

He begged to ask what they were, and was told, 'Gravity, generosity of
soul, sincerity, earnestness, and kindness. If you are grave, you will not
be treated with disrespect. If you are generous, you will win all. If you
are sincere, people will repose trust in you. If you are earnest, you will
accomplish much. If you are kind, this will enable you to employ
the services of others.


So if you were to simply list the Five Virtues, you will see after some study that they vary by translator.  Here are the Five Virtues from four translators.

From James Legge
  1. Gravity
  2. Generosity
  3. Sincerity
  4. Earnestness
  5. Kindness

From Xinzhong Yao
  1. Respectfulness
  2. Generosity
  3. Faithfulness
  4. Diligence
  5. Liberality

From Wm. Theodore de Bary
  1. Courtesy
  2. Magnanimity
  3. Trustworthiness
  4. Diligence
  5. Kindness

From Tu Wei-Ming
  1. Propriety
  2. Wisdom
  3. Faithfulness
  4. Righteousness
  5. Humanity

No comments: